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Hong Kong Government — 新聞公報·HK·

衞生防護中心調查侵入性肺炎球菌病死亡個案

衞生署衞生防護中心(中心)今日(十月十八日)正調查一宗侵入性肺炎球菌病的死亡個案,並提醒市民注意衞生,預防感染。 病人是一名九歲男童,過往健康良好,於十月十日起出現發燒、流鼻水、咳嗽和咳嗽時胸痛。他於十月十日及十月十三日到私家診所求診,十月十四日因症狀持續並出現氣促被帶往天水圍醫院急症室求醫,隨即轉送到屯門醫院兒童深切治療部接受進一步治療。病人情況轉壞,並於十月十五日死亡。 病人的胸膜分泌液樣本經化驗後,證實對肺炎鏈球菌(肺炎球菌)呈陽性反應。臨床診斷為肺炎併發膿胸、敗血性休克及急性腎衰竭。中心會為個案的細菌樣本作進一步化驗和血清型分析。 初步調查顯示,男童於潛伏期內沒有外遊。其家居接觸者至今沒有出現病徵。中心正繼續調查。個案將轉交死因裁判官調查。 肺炎球菌感染由肺炎鏈球菌引致。肺炎球菌可引致多種疾病,常見的包括有中耳炎和肺炎;亦可引致侵入性肺炎球菌病,如腦膜炎和菌血症及敗血病,導致嚴重甚至致命的疾病。本地數據顯示,過去十年錄得的兒童侵入性肺炎球菌病個案當中,約百分之三為死亡個案。 肺炎球菌常見於健康人士的鼻及咽喉,尤以兒童較為普遍。病菌有時會引發感染。肺炎球菌主要經病人咳嗽和打噴嚏而產生的飛沫、與病人親密接觸或觸摸被病菌污染的物件而傳播。 全球世界各地的科學硏究數據證實肺炎球菌結合疫苗可有效提供直接保護,並透過減少傳播帶來群體保護。接種肺炎球菌結合疫苗可減低兒童患上侵入性肺炎球菌病的機會達百分之六十至九十,證明疫苗相當有效。有見及此,衞生署於二○○九年九月起把肺炎球菌結合疫苗納入「香港兒童免疫接種計劃」,為嬰幼兒免費接種。本地研究數據顯示,計劃推行後,侵入性肺炎球菌病個案數字顯著下降,兩歲以下及二至五歲年齡組別的發病率分別下降了百分之八十五及百分之三十五。家長應確保子女按照「香港兒童免疫接種計劃」的時間表接種肺炎球菌結合疫苗,長者及高危人士亦應接種肺炎球菌疫苗,以保障個人健康。 侵入性肺炎球菌病可迅速惡化。家長如發現年幼子女出現發燒及呼吸道病徵,應及早帶他們求醫;若病徵持續或惡化,例如出現氣促、胸口痛、嘴唇發紫、抽搐、異常嗜睡、頸部僵硬、拒絕進食、持續嘔吐或小便減少,應立即前往急症室求診。 要預防肺炎球菌感染,衞生防護中心呼籲市民接種肺炎球菌疫苗及注意衞生。市民可參閱衞生防護中心 侵入性肺炎球菌病專頁 ,了解詳情。

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